How many specifications of photovoltaic lines should be selected for a 50 kW photovoltaic power station?

Against the backdrop of the increasingly popular concept of green environmental protection (mainly based on practical reports), photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and producible energy source, is rapidly and appropriately rising. More and more companies and individuals are investing in photovoltaic power plants, among which 50 kW photovoltaic power plants have become a common choice. However, in the construction of photovoltaic power plants, the selection of specifications for photovoltaic wires has a significant impact on the safety, stability, and power generation efficiency of the system.

1、 Basic Overview of Photovoltaic Power Stations

A photovoltaic power station is a facility that utilizes the photovoltaic effect to convert solar energy into electrical energy. A 50 kW photovoltaic power station is a small commercial photovoltaic system suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, farmland, schools, and other places. The system usually consists of photovoltaic modules, brackets, inverters, distribution equipment, photovoltaic lines, etc. As an important component of the power system, photovoltaic lines undertake the task of safely and efficiently transmitting the electricity generated by photovoltaic modules to inverters and electrical equipment.

2、 Classification and specifications of photovoltaic lines

The specifications commonly used for photovoltaic lines are 2.5mm ², 4mm ², 6mm ², etc. The selection of these models is mainly determined by the capacity, line length, and current of the power station. Here are some basic classifications:

1. DC photovoltaic line: a power line used to connect photovoltaic modules and inverters. Due to its operation in a high-voltage DC environment, it is specially designed to prevent ultraviolet radiation, temperature, moisture, and oxidation.

2. AC cable: a cable used to connect inverters and the power grid, usually with high insulation and voltage resistance performance.

3. Connection line: Connect the cables between the battery panels and between the battery panels and the inverter. It is generally recommended to use photovoltaic certified connection wires to confirm safety.

3、 Precautions for choosing photovoltaic lines

When choosing the appropriate specifications for photovoltaic lines, there are several key factors to consider:

1. Current calculation: According to the design of a 50 kW photovoltaic power station, the working current of the photovoltaic modules needs to be calculated. Assuming the rated power of each photovoltaic module is 300W, the entire power station requires approximately 167 photovoltaic modules with a working current of about 232A (50000W/216V=232 A, 216V is the working voltage of the photovoltaic modules).

2. Large current carrying capacity of cables: The selection of photovoltaic lines should consider their large current carrying capacity. Usually, a 2.5mm ² photovoltaic line is suitable for a large current carrying capacity of about 20A, a 4mm ² line is suitable for a high current load, and a 6mm ² line is suitable for a high current load. Therefore, based on current calculation, it is necessary to choose the appropriate specifications, and it is recommended to use 6mm ² photovoltaic wires.

3. Line length: The wiring length of a photovoltaic power station will affect line loss, and the longer the line, the greater the loss. Therefore, thicker cables should be chosen as much as possible to reduce line losses. The loss of photovoltaic lines can be calculated using Ohm's law: voltage loss (Vd)=2 I R, where R is the resistance of the cable length.

4. Environmental factors: The temperature resistance, moisture resistance, high voltage resistance, and protection level of photovoltaic wires must meet the requirements of the operating environment. Especially when exposed to sunlight for a long time, photovoltaic wires need to use UV resistant materials to confirm their service life and operational safety.

4、 Precautions for installation of photovoltaic lines

1. Correct connection: In photovoltaic power plants, the connection of photovoltaic lines needs to use one-to-one connectors to confirm that the connection is firm and avoid heating and fire caused by poor contact.

2. Proper protection: Cables should be avoided from direct exposure to sunlight as much as possible, and insulated pipes should be used for protection, while maintaining a certain distance to prevent problems such as short circuits caused by overheating or moisture intrusion.

3. Regular inspection: Regularly monitor the operation status of the photovoltaic power station, inspect the photovoltaic lines and connection points, and observe whether there are signs of aging or damage.

V. Summary

Choosing suitable photovoltaic lines is crucial when constructing a 50 kW photovoltaic power station. This is not only related to the operational efficiency of the power station, but also to the overall safety and stability. It is recommended to consider the specifications of photovoltaic lines comprehensively based on current calculation, line length, environmental factors, etc. It is generally recommended to use 6mm ² photovoltaic lines and confirm the correct installation and regular inspection of the cables. Through technically reasonable wiring, the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power plants can be effectively improved and the excellent performance of safe use can be achieved, contributing to the promotion of green energy.